Chaofeng Han

Preface This document is compiled in accordance with official GS1 General Specifications, AI 415 standards and GS1 Digital Link V1.4 syntax rules. Targeted at supply chain finance practitioners, barcode implementation engineers and digital traceability specialists, it fully introduces standardized construction methods, coding rules, system invocation protocols and multi-industry implementation solutions for Digital Links carrying AI

1. Standard Definition and Coding Specification 1.1 Official Position and Functional Description The Global Returnable Asset Identifier (GRAI) is the core identification standard for recyclable assets in the GS1 global unified identification system, corresponding to GS1 Application Identifier (AI) 8003. An Application Identifier is a numeric prefix in the GS1 system that defines the meaning,

According to official GS1 standards, although both Application Identifiers use the 13-digit GLN (Global Location Number), their purposes and semantics are completely different: AI 414: Physical Location Definition: Identifies a physical location – Global Location Number (GLN). Core Purpose: Technical Parameters: Application Scenario Examples: 👤 AI 417: Party Identification (Party GLN) Definition: Party Global Location

In the global retail and fast-moving consumer goods industry, coupons are a core marketing tool to drive sales and boost customer repurchase rates. However, the long-standing lack of unified coupon coding rules has led to cross-platform redemption difficulties, high fraud risks and fragmented data. As a dedicated standard of the GS1 global identification system for

In the global supply chain system, trade documents, compliance certificates and technical reports are core carriers of business circulation and compliance governance. For a long time, the lack of globally unified standards for document identification has made cross-enterprise and cross-system document verification rely on manual checking, resulting in low efficiency, high error rates and traceability

In today’s globalized, multi-tier supply chain system, finished products are often assembled from hundreds or even thousands of components and parts. For a long time, however, component identification has suffered from inconsistent coding rules, cross-enterprise recognition difficulties, and broken traceability chains — all of which directly undermine the efficiency and accuracy of product recalls, after-sales